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Ammann-Beenker Tiling
An aperiodic tiling with 8-fold rotational symmetry using just two tile types:

Squares and 45-degree Rhombuses

Discovered independently by Robert Ammann and F.P.M. Beenker in the 1970s-80s, this tiling is related to octagonal quasicrystals.

Ammann bars are straight lines that cross all tile boundaries, revealing the hidden long-range order.

Ammann-Beenker Tiling

Square
Rhombus